Gut & Brain Interactions, Specialized Topics
Last Modified: December 10, 2025 Introduction to Human Intestinal Bacteria In trying to understand the epidemic of obesity much of the research has focused on two critical areas. The first is research driven by the notion that the biological and physiological...
Cellular & Molecular Biology, Signal Transduction Processes, Specialized Topics
Last Updated: December 14, 2025 Introduction to Tissue Kines Numerous tissues produce and secrete substances that act locally or at a distance but that are not defined by the classic definition of a hormone. These substances include metabolites, lipids, and bioactive...
Plant-Based Therapeutics, Specialized Topics
Last updated: December 12, 2025 Introduction to Herbals as Therapeutics Plants have been used since the dawn of humanity for medical purposes. Plant extracts or derivatives are used in traditional healing systems such as Chinese herbal medicine, Indian (Ayurvedic),...
Cellular & Molecular Biology, Signal Transduction Processes
Last Updated: December 14, 2025 Introduction to Growth Factors The term growth factor is generally used to describe a protein or peptide whose function is predominantly, although not exclusively, related to the regulation of target tissue growth and potential...
Adipose Tissue & Obesity, Specialized Topics
Last Updated: December 2, 2025 What is Obesity? Obesity is defined as a physical condition in which an individual has a body mass index (BMI) ≥30kg/m2. The BMI is a measure of the relationship between an individuals weight and height. The BMI is calculated by dividing...
