Cancer

Hypoxia and Metabolism

Hypoxia and Metabolism

Last Updated: January 4, 2024 Introduction to Hypoxia and Hypoxia Induced Factors Hypoxia represents the pathological condition that exist when there is lower than normal oxygen content and pressure within cells. The response of cells to hypoxic conditions includes...

Tumor Suppressor Genes and Cancer

Tumor Suppressor Genes and Cancer

Last Updated: October 17, 2023 Introduction to Tumor Suppressor Genes Tumor suppressor genes were first identified by making cell hybrids between tumor and normal cells. On some occasions a chromosome from the normal cell reverted the transformed phenotype. Several...

Proto-Oncogenes and Cancer

Proto-Oncogenes and Cancer

Last Updated: June 11, 2023 Introduction to Proto-oncogenes Most, if not all, cancer cells contain genetic damage that appears to be the responsible event leading to tumorigenesis. The genetic damage present in a parental tumorigenic cell is maintained (i.e. not...